8.1 Making Preparations
1.Julia: Have you made a copy of your birth certificate?
Ronnie: Yes, I have.
Julia: Are you sure, Ronnie?
Ronnie: Yes, of course! I made it during my coffee Weak.
2.
Julia: Have you packed all your clothes?
Ronnie: Yes, I have.
Julia: Are you sure, Ronnie?
Ronnie: Yes, of course! I packed them after I got home.
3.
Julia: Have you hired a car?
Ronnie: Yes, I have.
Julia: Are you sure, Ronnie?
Ronnie: Yes, of course! I hired it early this morning.
4.
Julia: Have you booked the hotel room?
Ronnie: Yes, I have.
Julia: Are you sure? Ronnie?
Ronnie: Yes, of course! I booked it after lunch.
5.
Julia: Have you closed your bank account?
Ronnie: Yes, I have.
Julia: Are you sure, Ronnie?
Ronnie: Yes, of course! I closed it before I had lunch.
6.
Julia: Have you bought the champagne?
Ronnie: Yes, I have.
Julia: Are you sure, Ronnie?
Ronnie: Yes, of course! I bought it on my way back home.
7.
Julia: Have you bought a ring?
Ronnie: No, I haven't.
Julia: Are you sure, Ronnie?
Ronnie: Yes, of course? I forgot it. I'll buy it on the way.
What preparations do you think Julia has made?
1. She has packed all her clothes.
2. She's made a copy of her birth certificate.
3. She's closed her bank account.
4. She's bought her wedding gown.
8.2 Preparations and results
He has drawn the curtains.He's switched off all the lights except one.
He's played record of soft music. He's laid the table for two.
He's lit the candles.
He's put a bottle of wine and two glasses on the table.
He's worn his velvet jacket and bow tie.
He's put a bunch of red roses on the coffee table.
8.4 The Present Perfect Continuous
1. He's been working on his first novel.2. He's thought of a good title, and he’s made a list of characters and he's designed the front cover.
3. He's written two pages so far. He hasn't decided what happens next.
4. Present Perfect Continuous is used to describe general activities which may have been stopped now or still going on. Present Perfect Simple is used to describe the individual things which have been achieved during the given period.
8.5 Recent Activities
1.A: Why is your hair wet?
B: I've been swimming.
C: I've been walking in the rain.
D: I've been taking a bath.
2.
A: Why are you out of breath?
B: I've been running.
C: I've been playing football.
D: I’ve been jumping.
3.
A: Why have you got oil on your hands?
B: I've been cooking.
C: I've been pouring oil.
D: I’ve been working in the oil mill.
4.
A: Why are your hands shaking?
B: I've been hammering.
C: I've been beating the dog.
D: I've been feeling sick.
5.
A: Why is your face red?
B: I've been running in the sun.
C: I’ve been sitting by the fireplace.
D: I've been suffering from fever.
6.
A: Why have you got blood on your hands?
B: I've been cutting meat.
C: I've been dressing the wounded.
D: I've been cleaning the slaughter house.
7.
A: Why is there sawdust on the floor?
B: The carpenter has been working here.
C: I've been sawing the log.
D: I've been learning how to use a saw.
8.6 Recent activities and achievements
1.
A: You look tired. What have you been doing?
B: I've been cleaning the living room.
A: How much have you done? B: Well, so far, I've hoovered the carpet and I've dusted the woodwork. I haven't cleaned the windows yet.
2.
A: You look tired. What have you been doing?
B: I've been typing letters.
A: How much have you done?
B: Well, so far, I've typed two letters to TU and I've posted three letters to KU., but I haven't found a letter to the Ministry yet.
3.
A: You look tired. What have you been doing?
B: I've been revising for the exam.
A: How much have you done?
B: Well, so far, I've done Nepali and English but I haven' t got with math yet.
4.
A: You look tired. What have you been doing?
B: I've been building a house.
A: How far have you got with it?
B: Well, so far, I've made the roof and I've plastered the walls, but I haven't done the woodwork yet.
5.
A: You look tired. What have you been doing?
B: I have been making the supper.
A: How much have you done? / How far have you got with it?
B: Well, so far, I've cooked rice and pulse, but I haven't prepared curry yet.
6.
A: You look tired. What have you been doing?
B: I've been getting the flat ready for a party.
A: How far have you got with it?
B: Well, so far, I've cleaned the floor and I've dusted the woodwork, but I haven't cleaned the door and windows yet.
7.
A: You look tired. What have you been doing?
B: I've been organizing my brother's wedding.
A: How much have you done?
B: Well, so far, I've bought new clothes for the bride and the bridegroom and I've bought gold ornaments, but I haven't invited the guests.
Tips For Exam Only prepare for8.5
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